What is the medical term for bulging eyes?

The medical term for bulging eyes is "exophthalmos." This condition is characterized by the forward displacement of the eyeballs, often associated with conditions like hyperthyroidism, particularly Graves' disease. The term "exophthalmos" specifically refers to the protrusion of the eyeball from the eye socket, which can be observed during a physical examination.

Understanding why this term is used is crucial in clinical assessments, as bulging eyes can indicate underlying health issues that may require medical intervention. In contrast, the other terms provided refer to different ocular or visual disorders: strabismus refers to misalignment of the eyes, myopia indicates nearsightedness, and hyperopia denotes farsightedness. These terms do not describe the physical protrusion of the eyes, making "exophthalmos" the only appropriate choice for the description given in the question.