What might a patient report if experiencing a perforated eardrum?

A patient experiencing a perforated eardrum commonly reports hearing loss and possible fluid drainage from the ear due to the rupture affecting the tympanic membrane's integrity. When the eardrum is perforated, it can lead to a disruption in normal auditory function, reducing the ability to hear sounds properly. This occurs because sound waves may not be transmitted effectively through the ear canal to the middle ear and inner ear structures.

Fluid drainage often arises from the middle ear, where eustachian tube dysfunction or an infection may have led to pressure buildup before the rupture. Once the eardrum perforates, this fluid, which could be clear, bloody, or purulent (infected), may exit the ear canal, providing a clear indication of the issue.

Other symptoms like intense ear pain can occur initially when there is pressure or infection, but they may subside or change after a perforation happens, as the pressure relief can sometimes reduce pain. Difficulty swallowing and chronic nasal congestion are symptoms more aligned with upper respiratory issues or other ENT conditions rather than specifically related to a perforated eardrum.