Which structures should be assessed during a neck examination?

During a neck examination, assessing the thyroid gland and trachea is particularly important due to their anatomical and physiological significance in relation to various health issues. The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and hormonal balance, making its examination vital for identifying conditions such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or goiter. Observing the trachea is also essential, as it can provide insights into possible structural abnormalities or obstructions in the airway.

While the esophagus and larynx, carotid arteries and jugular vein, and vertebrae and cervical nerves are important areas of assessment in certain contexts, the thyroid gland and trachea specifically address critical aspects of both endocrine function and respiratory health. Consequently, focusing on these structures during a neck examination is fundamental to a comprehensive assessment, as they can reveal a variety of health conditions and guide further diagnostic processes.